{"id":10277,"date":"2024-01-08T11:51:55","date_gmt":"2024-01-08T10:51:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.automacz.cz\/?p=10277"},"modified":"2024-01-08T11:52:57","modified_gmt":"2024-01-08T10:52:57","slug":"10277-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.automacz.cz\/en\/10277-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Ohl\u00e9dnut\u00ed za rokem 2023: postupuj\u00edc\u00ed automatizace, um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence i trval\u00e1 udr\u017eitelnost"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdrobn\u00ed podniky museli nav\u00edc reagovat na chronick\u00fd nedostatek pracovn\u00edk\u016f ve v\u00fdrobn\u00edch procesech i podp\u016frn\u00fdch procesech. Kdy\u017e k tomu p\u0159ipo\u010dteme pot\u0159ebu investovat do udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie a s\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed tlaky na dekarbonizaci \u0159ady v\u00fdrobn\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00ed, z\u00edsk\u00e1me pom\u011brn\u011b ostr\u00fd obraz trhu, na n\u011bm\u017e se Central European Automation Holding<\/a> (CEAH) dlouhodob\u011b pohybuje v\u00a0r\u00e1mci cel\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy. <\/em><\/p>\n

Ceny energi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou i p\u0159es jejich klesaj\u00edc\u00ed tendenci st\u00e1le v\u00fdznamn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b, donutily \u0159adu firem hledat okam\u017eit\u00e1 \u00fasporn\u00e1 i transforma\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed. <\/em><\/p>\n

A aby toho nebylo m\u00e1lo, evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd region doslova bojuje o sv\u00e9 budouc\u00ed m\u00edsto na sv\u011btov\u00e9m trhu s\u00a0USA a jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asi\u00ed. Tyto regiony t\u011b\u017e\u00ed zejm\u00e9na z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch cen energi\u00ed, ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f na pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu (Asie) a z n\u00e1rodn\u00edch program\u016f podpory pro v\u00fdrobn\u00ed firmy (USA).<\/em><\/p>\n

Konec roku se nezadr\u017eiteln\u011b bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a m\u016f\u017eeme tedy ji\u017e v z\u00e1sad\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b definovat, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se v\u00fdrobn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti sna\u017e\u00ed s v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdmi v\u00fdzvami vypo\u0159\u00e1dat a jakou roli v tomto sna\u017een\u00ed hraj\u00ed technologie, respektive jakou roli zast\u00e1v\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Central European Automation Holding<\/a> jako l\u00eddr v\u00a0pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 automatizaci ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nejistota je jedinou jistotou<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pro za\u010d\u00e1tek se pod\u00edvejme na n\u011bkolik vybran\u00fdch na \u010d\u00edseln\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f. Pr\u016fzkum realizovan\u00fd Svazem pr\u016fmyslu a dopravy \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 2023 uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee 74 % respondent\u016f pl\u00e1nuje reagovat na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed situaci na trhu sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm provozn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f. 59 % sd\u011blilo, \u017ee budou investovat do energetick\u00fdch \u00faspor. A 34 % respondent\u016f t\u00e9ho\u017e pr\u016fzkumu uvedlo, \u017ee pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed investovat do zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed produktivity prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed prvk\u016f digitalizace, nap\u0159\u00edklad vyu\u017eit\u00edm technologi\u00ed Pr\u016fmyslu 4.0.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch aktivit vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00fdrobn\u00ed podniky mus\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it snahu o budov\u00e1n\u00ed takzvan\u00e9 odolnosti. Odolnost lze ch\u00e1pat r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby a p\u0159\u00edstup s\u00e1m o sob\u011b m\u00e1 mnoho vrstev. Pro n\u00e1s je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na oblast flexibiln\u00ed a transparentn\u00ed v\u00fdroby, umo\u017en\u011bn\u00e9 prim\u00e1rn\u011b pr\u016fmyslovou automatizac\u00ed a provozem \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm na z\u00e1klad\u011b dat.<\/p>\n

V CEAH<\/a> jsme proto vybudovali kompetence, je\u017e pom\u00e1haj\u00ed na\u0161im z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm p\u0159i budov\u00e1n\u00ed odoln\u00e9 firmy. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi oblastmi, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00edm firm\u00e1m pom\u00e1haj\u00ed s\u00a0budov\u00e1n\u00edm modern\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed jsou zejm\u00e9na automatizovan\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed linky, robotick\u00e1 pracovi\u0161t\u011b, propojen\u00e9 syst\u00e9my podnikov\u00e9ho IT a v\u00fdrobn\u00edch stroj\u016f a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Modern\u00ed mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed linky lze vybavit technologiemi pro sb\u011br dat. Mohou to b\u00fdt senzory, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch na b\u00e1zi RFID, samotn\u00e9 \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9my \u010di IT za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed data o ka\u017ed\u00e9m jednotliv\u00e9m kroku v\u00fdrobn\u00edho procesu v mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed lince. Tato data mohou zahrnovat informace o rychlosti v\u00fdroby, spot\u0159eb\u011b energie, teplot\u00e1ch, tlac\u00edch, \u010dasech cykl\u016f, po\u010dtu vadn\u00fdch kus\u016f a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch parametr\u016f. Aby mohla obsluha \u010di samotn\u00e1 linka okam\u017eit\u011b reagovat na vzniklou situaci na v\u00fdrobn\u00ed lince, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt sb\u011br dat prov\u00e1d\u011bn v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase. Pr\u00e1v\u011b pln\u00e9 datov\u00e9 propojen\u00ed mezi provozn\u00edmi technologiemi a syst\u00e9my podnikov\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f je trendem, kter\u00fd v\u00a0roce 2023 akceleroval. Zejm\u00e9na d\u00edky investic\u00edm firem do digit\u00e1ln\u00ed transformace. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v\u00a0z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat hraj\u00ed nejen \u201echytr\u00e9\u201c \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9my \u010di senzory, ale i budov\u00e1n\u00ed datov\u00fdch ulo\u017ei\u0161\u0165, vyu\u017eit\u00ed cloudov\u00fdch platforem a tzv. edge computingu.<\/p>\n

S\u00a0rostouc\u00edm objemem technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159ipojeny do s\u00edt\u00ed, v\u0161ak v\u00fdznamn\u011b roste i riziko kybernetick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f nejen na infrastrukturu firmy jako takovou, ale i p\u0159\u00edmo na v\u00fdrobn\u00ed technologie. \u010casto sl\u00fdch\u00e1me, \u017ee IT infrastruktura v\u00fdrobn\u00ed firmy je z\u00a0pohledu kybernetick\u00fdch hrozeb dob\u0159e zabezpe\u010den\u00e1. Av\u0161ak, firmy hodnot\u00ed jako pom\u011brn\u011b slab\u00e9 m\u00edsto zejm\u00e9na samotn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed technologie, kde ve v\u00fdrobn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0podcen\u011bn\u00ed hrozeb zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch bu\u010f p\u0159\u00edmo sofistikovan\u00fdm \u00fatokem hackera prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159ipojen\u00ed do s\u00edt\u011b nebo naopak zcela trivi\u00e1ln\u011b. Nap\u0159\u00edklad prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nahr\u00e1n\u00edm \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho k\u00f3du z\u00a0USB za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Kybernetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost proto mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vysoko na seznamu priorit ka\u017ed\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance, nikoli pouze firemn\u00edho IT odd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b si p\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee v\u00a0r\u00e1mci budov\u00e1n\u00ed odolnosti jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm faktorem nejen technologie samotn\u00e9, ale i person\u00e1l, kter\u00fd je rozv\u00edj\u00ed, obsluhuje a prov\u00e1d\u00ed servis. Pro dlouhodob\u00fd udr\u017eiteln\u00fd rozvoj digitalizace a automatizace ka\u017ed\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed schopnost budov\u00e1n\u00ed person\u00e1ln\u00edch kompetenc\u00ed. Jak v\u00a0\u00fatvarech technologick\u00e9ho rozvoje, tak i mezi obsluhou technologi\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo ve provozn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Investice do rozvoje pracovn\u00edk\u016f, zejm\u00e9na do jejich digit\u00e1ln\u00ed dovednost\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm modern\u00edch technologi\u00ed, maj\u00ed typicky velmi kr\u00e1tkou dobu n\u00e1vratnosti spojenou s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed produktivitou, men\u0161\u00ed zmetkovost\u00ed a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u011brou vyu\u017eit\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch technologi\u00ed. Proto mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jak\u00e9koli transformace i oblast rozvoje pracovn\u00edk\u016f na v\u0161ech stupn\u00edch a v\u00a0z\u00e1sad\u011b i ve v\u0161ech oblastech, kter\u00e9 firma pokr\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Vzestup digit\u00e1ln\u00edch mozk\u016f <\/strong><\/p>\n

Pokud bychom m\u011bli vybrat jedin\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 prostupovalo cel\u00fdm rokem 2023, jednalo by se zcela jist\u011b o oblast vyu\u017eit\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence (AI). Z\u00e1jem o um\u011blou inteligenci byl akcelerov\u00e1n i raketov\u00fdm n\u00e1stupem technologie ChatGPT z\u00a0d\u00edlny spole\u010dnosti OpenAI. Celosv\u011btov\u00fd fenom\u00e9n a jeho n\u00e1sledovn\u00edci, si nalezli cestu i do v\u00fdrobn\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. \u0158ada firem za\u010dala velmi z\u00e1hy po uveden\u00ed testovat vyu\u017eit\u00ed takzvan\u00fdch velk\u00fdch jazykov\u00fdch model\u016f, zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pod anglickou zkratkou LLM (large language models) v\u00a0cel\u00e9 \u0159ade oblast\u00ed. Jedna glob\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed firma dokonce byla schopna identifikovat v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 mo\u017en\u00fdch oblast\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed technologie LLM nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d v\u011bt\u0161inou proces\u016f, od obchodu a marketingu, p\u0159es \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a\u017e po pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9, anglicky ozna\u010dovan\u00ed jako \u201eearly adopters\u201c se mus\u00ed vypo\u0159\u00e1dat s\u00a0\u0159adou zejm\u00e9na technologick\u00fdch v\u00fdzev souvisej\u00edc\u00edch zejm\u00e9na s\u00a0takzvan\u00fdmi halucinacemi, co\u017e jsou nep\u0159esn\u00e9 nebo i zcela nepravdiv\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi. Dal\u0161\u00edm faktorem, na kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba br\u00e1t v\u00a0potaz, pokud uva\u017eujete seri\u00f3zn\u011b o vyu\u017eit\u00ed technologie LLM jsou rizika spojen\u00e1 s\u00a0\u00fanikem vlastn\u00edch dat. Nejedn\u00e1 se v\u0161ak o ne\u0159e\u0161iteln\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy. \u0158ada sv\u011btov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch firem ji\u017e spolupracuje s\u00a0technologick\u00fdmi spole\u010dnostmi a syst\u00e9mov\u00fdmi integr\u00e1tory na vyv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed priv\u00e1tn\u00edch LLM prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde jsou k\u00a0dispozici jasn\u011b definovan\u00e1 data, kter\u00e1 jsou nav\u00edc chr\u00e1n\u011bna p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm sd\u00edlen\u00ed mimo vymezen\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n

ChatGPT je bezesporu technologick\u00fdm fenom\u00e9nem roku 2023. Ji\u017e etablovanou oblast\u00ed jsou ale technologie vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed um\u011blou inteligenci na b\u00e1zi strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed a neuronov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed. V\u00a0CEAH<\/a> se zj\u00edm\u00e1me o \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed um\u011blou inteligenci zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0oblasti prediktivn\u00ed \u00fadr\u017eby, \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro intralogistiku nebo v\u00a0in\u017een\u00fdringu. Proto m\u00e1me v\u00a0praxi vyzkou\u0161eno, \u017ee na prvn\u00ed pohled l\u00edbiv\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en typu plug-and-play v\u011bt\u0161inou nefunguj\u00ed a je t\u0159eba syst\u00e9my nastavit v\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. Op\u011bt se vrac\u00edme k\u00a0dat\u016fm, jejich\u017e dostupnost je aplikace AI kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee teoreticky lze \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed um\u011blou inteligenci aplikovat na des\u00edtk\u00e1ch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed, z hlediska praktick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ednos\u016f n\u00e1m d\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl jen n\u011bkolik oblast\u00ed:<\/p>\n